- Part 1 – Okwu Mmalite – Mwube Mfe queues (Nke a post)
- Part 2 – Reliably Ịmata okporo ụzọ – Mwube Mangle Iwu (Na-abịa oge adịghị anya TM)
- Part 3 – -Ebute ụzọ na Limits – Mwube kwụ n'ahịrị Osisi (Na-abịa oge adịghị anya TM)
- Part 4 – Monitoring Usage – Redefining queues – Limiting Abusive Devices (Na-abịa oge adịghị anya TM)
- Part 5 – ??? Uru ???
Okwu Mmalite
The first problem one usually comes across after being tasked with improving an Internet connection is that the connection is overutilised. A dịghị onye maara ihe mere, onye, ma ọ bụ ihe na-akpata nsogbu – except of course everyone blames the ISP. Mgbe ụfọdụ, ọ bụ ISP – but typically you can’t prove that without having an alternative connection immediately available. I currently manage or help manage four “saịtị / ogige” na-eji QoS jikwaa ha Internet Njikọta. Otu bụ m ọrụ, two are home connections, and the last one is a slightly variable one – na-emekarị nnọọ a n'ụlọ njikọ ma Nhọrọ, for a weekend every few months, it becomes a 140-nwoke (na-eto eto) LAN. Fun. 🙂
MikroTik RouterOS na
MikroTik'S RouterOS is very powerful in the right hands. Many other routers support QoS but not with the fine-grain control MikroTik provides. Alternatively you could utilise other Linux-based router OS’s, dị ka Dd-WRT, Smoothwall, Untangle, na otú pụta. Ọtụtụ n'ime ndị a ndị a chọrọ na i nwere a mapụtara nkesa-agha ụgha banyere ma ọ bụ a dakọtara ngwaike rawụta. Mikrotik akanyam RouterBoards na nwere RouterOS builtin – ha na-dịtụ ọnụ.
My ahụmahụ na routers bụ n'ụzọ bụ isi na Cisco na MikroTik – and my experience with QoS is primarily with Ikenye si NetEnforcer / NetXplorer usoro na MikroTik. Ndị kasị ewu ewu MikroTik ngwaọrụ m ahụmahụ (ọzọ karịa ha raara onwe ha nye ogologo nso wireless ngwaọrụ) ndidi ha rb750 (ọhụrụ version aha ya bụ “hEX“) na rb950-dabeere mbadamba. Ha nwere ọtụtụ ndị ọzọ available and are relatively inexpensive. In historical comparison with Cisco’s premium devices, M na nāzù na-akọwa MikroTik si ngwaọrụ dị ka “90% atụmatụ na 10% ndị na-eri”. Dị ka a ndu a na-iji isi na SME / Home ojiji, inexpensive makes more sense. If you’re looking at getting a MikroTik device, mara na MikroTik routers eme bụghị typically include DSL modems, si otú gị ẹdude ngwá bụ a na ka ọ dị mkpa. Rịba ama na-na nke a bụ bụghị a nkuzi na mwube a MikroTik ngwaọrụ site ọkọ. E nwere ọtụtụ nduzi dị online maka na ugbua.
Theory n'ime omume – nzọụkwụ ndị mbụ
Melite QoS n'ụzọ ziri ezi, you need to have an idea of a policy that takes into account the following:
- The n'ozuzu njikọ ọsọ
- Olee otú ọtụtụ ndị ọrụ / ngwaọrụ a ga-eji na njikọ
- The users/devices/services/protocols that should be prioritised for latency and/or throughput
Iji nweta n'elu m atụ, M ga-iche na-esonụ:
- The MikroTik a guzobere na ndabara netwọk nhazi ebe Obodo netwọk bụ 192.168.88.0/24 na njikọ Ịntanetị na-nyere site PPPoE.
- Njikọ ọsọ bụ 10 / 2Mbps (10 Mbps download ọsọ; 2 Mbps bulite ọsọ)
- A ga-enwe 5 ọrụ dị ọtụtụ dị ka 15 ngwaọrụ (otutu kọmputa / mbadamba / color / WiFi wdg)
- Ahụkarị downloads achọ elu mkpa na throughput ma ala-mkpa na latency
- Gaming/Skype/Administrative protocols require high priority with both latency and throughput
- Ọ dịghị ọrụ, a ga-prioritized ndị ọzọ
The first and probably quickest step is to set up what RouterOS refers to as a Mfe kwụ n'ahịrị.
M mere a obere edemede na m zọpụta na m MikroTik ngwaọrụ melite ndị dị mfe queues. Ọ bụ dị ka ndị:
:maka x si 1 ka 254 do ={ /kwụ n'ahịrị mfe tinye aha ="internet-usage- $ x" dst ="pppoe" max-ịgba = 1900k / 9500k lekwasịrị ="192.168.88.$x" }
Ihe n'elu na-eme bụ ịgba ndị ọsọ kacha mmadụ ọ bụla ngwaọrụ nwere ike iji “1900k” (1.9Mb) bulite na “9500k” (9.5Mb) download.
Notes:
- Ihe mere max ókè na- 95% of the line’s maximum speed is that this guarantees no single device can fully starve the connection, negatively affecting the other users. With a larger userbase I would enforce this limit further. Ọmụmaatụ, na 100 ọrụ na a 20MB ọrụ m pụrụ isetịpụ a ịgba na-15Mb ma ọ bụ ọbụna dị ka obere ka 1MB. Nke a bụ kpamkpam dabere na otú “mkparị” ndị ọrụ bụ ndị na-, dị ka ị chepụta ebe na ole ọjọọ etịbe, you can adjust it appropriately.
- The nganiihu “internet-ojiji” n'aha oke nwere ike ahaziri. A m setịpụrụ ndị a na-ezo aka na ogige aha. Ọmụmaatụ, with premises named “Alfa” na “beta”, M ga-a na-etinye “internet-Alfa” na “internet-beta”. A na-enyere na instinctively differentiating n'etiti saịtị.
- The dst oke nwere “pppoe” na atụ. Nke a ga-anam aha nke interface that provides the Internet connection.
Gbaa mbọ hụ na ị hazie edemede na-kwesịrị ekwesị ka gị na nhazi. Zọpụta edemede ka MikroTik na-agba ya – ma ọ bụ mado ya kpọmkwem n'ime MikroTik si ọnụ igbu ya.
In my next post I will go over setting up what RouterOS refers to as Mangle iwu. Ndị a iwu na-eje ozi ka a mata / were netwọk okporo ụzọ iji mee ka finer-grained QoS kwere omume.
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